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- Pyruvate -
General Information:
Names:
Wikipedia entry:
Dr. Ray Shahelien entry:
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Observations:
Pyruvate
Also see ALA
Wikipedia
entries:
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is an organic acid. It is also a
ketone, as well as being the simplest alpha-keto acid. The
carboxylate (COOH) ion (anion) of pyruvic acid, CH3COCOO-, is
known as pyruvate, and is a key intersection in several
metabolic pathways. It can be made from glucose through
glycolysis, supplies energy to living cells in the citric acid
cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and can also be converted
to carbohydrates via gluconeogenesis, to fatty acids or energy
through acetyl-CoA, to the amino acid alanine and to ethanol...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvic_acid
Pyruvate kinase (EC: 2.7.1.40) is an enzyme involved in
glycolysis. It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from
phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, yielding one molecule of
pyruvate and one molecule of ATP...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvate_kinase
Here are some other links...
Our bodies make pyruvate naturally every day during the metabolism
or digestion of sugars and starches. Pyruvate is the compound to
start the Krebs cycle.
The Krebs cycle is an energy cycle in the body of enzymes and
chemical actions that yield direct precursors to ATP or ATP
itself.
Pyruvate is actually derived from pyruvic acid. Although pyruvic
acid alone is chemically unstable and can cause gastrointestinal
discomfort and nausea, when combined with a salt (such as sodium
or calcium), it becomes stabilized pyruvate. As well as being a
naturally formed product of digestive processes, pyruvate also
exists in many different foods. Red apples, cheese, dark beer, and
red wine are just a few. Dietary supplements of pyruvate are also
available. Bodybuilding.com's carries the highest quality pyruvate
supplements... It works by increasing amount of ATP available to
the energy engines of cells, mitochondria, as well as inhibiting
fat production...
http://www.bodybuilding.com/store/pyruvate.html
PYRUVATE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
http://www.williamsukala.com/articles/pyr_comp_review_1997.htm
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase &
Krebs Cycle
Glycolysis enzymes are located in the cytosol of
cells. Pyruvate enters the mitochondrion to be metabolized
further.
(r)-, but not (s)-alpha lipoic
acid stimulates deficient brain pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
in vascular dementia, but not in Alzheimer dementia.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14991456?dopt=Abstract
Mitochondrial compartments:
The mitochondrial matrix contains Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and
enzymes of Krebs Cycle, plus other pathways such as fatty acid
oxidation...
http://rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb1/part2/krebs.htm
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Known sources:
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Natural sources:
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References:
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Updated: July 2, 2012
Inception: July 2, 2012